Kuti simba rinochengetwa masikati usiku riburitswe,mwenje yemumugwagwa inofambiswa nezuvaanowanzo shandiswa pakuisa chiedza panze. Mabhatiri eLithium iron phosphate (LFP), ayo akakosha, ndiwo mhando dzemabhatiri dzinonyanya kushandiswa. Mabhatiri aya ari nyore kuisa pamatanda emwenje kana magadzirirwo akabatanidzwa nekuda kwekurema kwawo kukuru uye kunaka kwawo. Hapasisina kunetseka kuti huremu hwemabhatiri huchawedzera kumanikidzwa pamatanda, kusiyana nemamodheru ekare.
Zvakanakira zvavo zvakawanda zvinoratidzwawo nekuti zvinoshanda zvakanyanya uye zvine simba guru kupfuura mabhatiri ane lead-acid. Saka ndeapi mabhatiri makuru e lithium iron phosphate anochinjika?
1. Cathode
Lithium chikamu chakakosha chemabhatiri e lithium, sezvinoreva zita racho. Kune rumwe rutivi, lithium chinhu chisina kugadzikana zvakanyanya. Chinhu chinoshanda chinowanzova lithium oxide, musanganiswa we lithium ne oxygen. Cathode, iyo inogadzira magetsi kuburikidza ne chemical reaction, inozogadzirwa nekuwedzera conductive additives uye binders. Cathode yebhatiri re lithium inodzora voltage yayo uye kugona kwayo.
Kazhinji, kana lithium iri muchinhu chinoshanda, simba rebhatiri rakakura, musiyano uripo pakati pe cathode ne anode unowedzera, uye voltage iri nani. Kusiyana neizvi, kana lithium iri shoma, simba iri rinowedzerawo uye voltage iri shoma.
2. Anode
Kana simba remagetsi rinoshandurwa ne solar panel richichaja bhatiri, ma lithium ions anochengetwa mu anode. Anode iyi inoshandisawo zvinhu zvinoshanda, izvo zvinobvumira kunyudzwa kana kuburitswa kwema lithium ions anoburitswa kubva mu cathode kana simba remagetsi richipfuura nemudunhu rekunze. Muchidimbu, inobvumira kutapurirana kwemaerekitironi kuburikidza newaya.
Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakasimba, graphite inowanzo shandiswa sechinhu chinoshanda cheanode. Haina shanduko huru yevhoriyamu, haitsemuke, uye inogona kutsungirira shanduko huru yekushisa patembiricha yemumba isina kukuvara. Uyezve, yakakodzera kugadzirwa kweanode nekuda kwekusashanda kwayo kwemagetsi kwakaderera.
3. Electrolyte
Njodzi dzekuchengetedza dzinopfuura kutadza kugadzira magetsi kana maion e lithium akapfuura nemu electrolyte. Kuti vagadzire simba rinodiwa, maion e lithium anongoda kufamba pakati pe anode ne cathode. Electrolyte inoita basa iri rinogumira. Ma electrolyte mazhinji anoumbwa nemunyu, zvinonyungudutsa, uye zvinowedzerwa. Munyu unonyanya kushanda senzira dzekuyerera kwe lithium ions, nepo zvinonyungudutsa zviri mvura zvinoshandiswa kunyungudutsa munyu. Zvinowedzerwa zvine zvinangwa chaizvo.
Electrolyte inofanira kunge iine ionic conductivity yakanyanya uye electronic insulation kuti ishande zvizere senzira yekufambisa maion uye kuderedza kubuda kwayo. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti ionic conductivity, nhamba ye lithium-ion transferrence ye electrolyte inofanirawo kuchengetedzwa; huwandu hwe 1 hwakakodzera.
4. Musiyanisi
Chinoparadzanisa chinonyanya kuparadzanisa cathode neanode, zvichidzivirira kuyerera kwemaerekitironi zvakananga uye mapfupi, uye zvinongogadzira nzira dzekufamba kwemaion.
Polyethylene nepolypropylene zvinowanzo shandiswa mukugadzirwa kwayo. Dziviriro iri nani kubva kuma "internal short circuits", kuchengetedzeka kwakakwana kunyangwe mumamiriro ekuchaja zvakanyanya, ma "electrolyte layers" akatetepa, kusimba kwemukati kwakaderera, kushanda kwebhatiri kwakawedzera, uye kugadzikana kwakanaka kwemuchina nekupisa zvese zvinobatsira mumhando yebhatiri.
Marambi emumugwagwa anoshandiswa nezuva eTianxiangese anofambiswa nemabhatiri emhando yepamusoro e-lithium ane maseru ane simba rakawanda akasarudzwa zvakanaka. Akakodzera mamiriro akaoma ekunze uye hunyoro, ane hupenyu hwakareba hwekufamba, anoshanda zvakanyanya pakuchaja nekuburitsa chaji, uye anodzivirira kupisa nekutonhora zvakanyanya. Dziviriro dzakawanda dzemabhatiri aya kubva kuma "short circuits", "overdischarge", uye "overcharge" dzinoita kuti simba rirambe richichengetwa uye kushanda kwenguva refu, zvichibvumira chiedza chinogara kwenguva refu kunyangwe pamazuva ane makore kana mvura. Kuenzanisa kwakakodzera kwema solar panels uye mabhatiri e premium lithium kunoita kuti magetsi ave akavimbika uye mitengo yekuchengetedza iderere.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-29-2026
